Siegfried Kracauer - The Mass Ornament (I)

The position that an epoch occupies in the historical process can be determined more strikingly from an analysis of its incospicuous surface level expressions than from that epoch’s judgements about itself. Since these judgements are expressions of the tendencies of a particular era, they do not offer conclusive testimony about its overall constitution. The surface-level expressions, however, by virtue of their unconscious nature, provide unmediated access to the fundamental substance of the state of things. Conversely, knowledge of this state of things depends on the interpretation of these surface-level expressions. The fundamental substance of an epoch and its unheeded impulses illuminate each other reciprocally.